action spectrum of photosynthesis ib biology

Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light most effectively and reflects green light more than other colours. Title. Draw the action spectrum of photosynthesis. In a study, mice were divided into four groups. Describe the relationship between genes, polypeptides and enzymes. State the highest temperature shown on the graph. To investigate the effect of temperature on Laternula elliptica, specimens were kept in temperature-controlled aquaria. Chlorophyll b is used to ‘fill the gaps’ in the action spectrum. Based on the release of oxygen (O 2) it is of 2 types-. (ii) Explain the relationship between the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll and action spectrum of photosynthesis for green plants. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is currently 385 ppm (parts per million). Outline two factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis. Outline how the glucose produced as a result of photosynthesis is transported and stored in plants. Explain the effect of light intensity and temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Describe a model that accounts for the ability of enzymes to catalyse reactions. Suggest a reason for the relationship of distance of upstream migration and concentration of PCBs in muscle lipids. 7. An action spectrum defines the relative effectiveness (per number of incident photons) of different wavelengths of light for light-requiring processes, such as photosynthesis, flowering, and phototropism (the bending of a plant toward light). Essential Idea:Photosynthesis uses the energy in sunlightto produce the chemical energy needed for life, Photosynthesis is the production of carbon compounds in cells using light energy, Visible light has a range of wavelengths with violet the shortest wavelength and red the longest, Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light most effectively and reflects green light more than other colours, Oxygen is produced in photosynthesis from the photolysis of water, Energy is needed to produce carbohydrates and other carbon compounds from carbon dioxide, Temperature, light intensity and carbon dioxide concentration are possible limiting factors on the rate of photosynthesis, Changes to the Earth’s atmosphere, oceans and rock deposition due to photosynthesis, Drawing an absorption spectrum for chlorophyll and an action spectrum for photosynthesis, Design of experiments to investigate the effect of limiting factors on photosynthesis, Separation of photosynthetic pigments by chromatograph. Some proteins in membranes act as enzymes. A supply of oxygen is needed for aerobic respiration in mitochondria. 10 terms. Explain the production of lactose-free milk. Describe the overall trend in body fat accumulation for the four groups of mice. Definition. During photosynthesis in plants, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll. Details. An ice-core record covering the last 400 000 years has been obtained from Vostok in the Antarctic. Outline photoactivation of photosystem II in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis. 2.9 Photosynthesis. Biology >> 2.9 Photosynthesis; Shared Flashcard Set. ; Note– 1st visible product in photosynthesis is Starch.. Types of Photosynthesis. Pollutant transport was studied in a population of O. nerka in the Copper River (Alaska). Determine which sugar is primarily used in the production of ribose. the rate of photosynthesis of a plant at each wavelength: ... effect of temperature on photosynthesis? The graph below shows the results for single mice and the mean values for group mice. The 2nd is "Light Independent Reactions" and ATP is used to bond together carbon dioxide and water to make glucose. Label the structures indicated on the X-ray of a human elbow. Explain why oxygen consumption is used as a measure of metabolic rate. Outline the relationship between temperature and oxygen concentration in the body fluids in Laternula elliptica. Using the data from both graphs, evaluate the hypothesis that increased activity causes an increase in metabolic rate in mice. Describe four properties of water that are due to hydrogen bonding and polarity. Persistent organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), have been shown to reach unpolluted arctic areas by air currents. State the highest carbon dioxide concentration shown on the graph. Using a named example of a genetically modified crop, discuss the specific ethical issues of its use. However, milk contains lactose which some people can digest but some cannot. Outline four different functions of membrane proteins. Photosynthesis is a-Redox reaction. Visible light has a range of wavelengths with violet the shortest wavelength and red the longest. Another method of transport of these pollutants into these ecosystems is provided by migrating O. nerka. Draw the action spectrum of photosynthesis and the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll on the axes below: 8. Action Spectra An action spectrum is the rate of a physiological activity plotted against wavelength of light. When you add all of these together within a plant, you get what is called the action spectrum. Pancreatic cancer cells were grown in equal concentrations of each sugar and the uptake of each into ribose-producing pathways was measured. The enzyme ATP synthase has an essential role in aerobic cell respiration. There are two stages of Photosynthesis. Suggest why heat treatment may reduce photosynthesis rates. The action spectrum indicates the overall rate of photosynthesis at each wavelength of light 2.9.S2 ​Design of experiments to investigate the effect of limiting factors on photosynthesis. The rate of photosynthesis was recorded as the carbon dioxide taken up per unit of leaf area per second. As the O. nerka migrate upstream they no longer feed. This generates concentration gradients between respiring cells and the environment, which cause diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Triglyceride levels in blood were measured throughout the study. Outline, with examples, the types of carbohydrate found in living organisms. (i) Sketch on the graph, the action spectrum of photosynthesis. State the concentration of PCBs in muscle lipids at 125 km from the ocean estimated by the correlation line. Explain how chemiosmosis assists in ATP production during oxidative phosphorylation. Identify the following processes as either anabolism or catabolism by placing a tick (√) in the correct box. Identify the protein structures indicated by I and II. Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells. The syllabus statement for 8.2.7 does say "explain‟ as a command term for absorption spectrum. Its body temperature is always similar to that of the environment around it. Describe how water is carried by the transpiration stream. Different colours are different wavlengths. They found that the amount of time mice are active depends on the time of day, whether they are single or in groups and on the temperature of their surroundings. The action spectrum of photosynthesis is a graph showing the rate of photosynthesis for each wavelength of light. Suggest two reasons for the relationship. Outline the importance of enzymes to metabolic processes. Describe how structure I is held together. Photosynthesis (2.9) Photosynthesis is the production of carbon compounds in cells using light. Explain this evidence. Sketch on the graph, the action spectrum of photosynthesis. Explain the light-independent processes of photosynthesis in plants. While chlorophyll a really likes the ends of spectrum, chlorophyll b likes lighter blue hues, and carotenoids tend to prefer only the colors dark green through violet. The light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis take place on the thylakoid membranes. They then move to offshore regions of the North Pacific Ocean for 2 to 3 years. The two – ito system was also discovered by action spectrum. In the medium surrounding the strands were motile, aerobicbacteria. The x-axis is commonly not understood conceptually. The graph shows concentration of PCBs in muscle lipids of O. nerka in relation to the distance of upstream migration. Distinguish between globular and fibrous proteins. Photosynthetic pigments absorb light only in the visible region of the spectrum (390nm-760nm).The action spectrum peak of chlorophyll is almost same as that of absorption spectrum indicating that chlorophyll is the primary pigment in photosynthesis. Non-Oxygenic. Using the results in the graph, deduce the effect of the presence of fosmidomycin on the rate of photosynthesis in the leaves. The protein hemoglobin transports oxygen to cells. The graph shows the relationship between fork length and lipid content for O. nerka caught during autumn 2008 and winter 2009. Suggest two reasons for the trends that you have described. Discuss whether the results provide clear evidence of a difference in uptake. This energy is then used to carry out photolysis, which supply substances that are needed to convert carbon dioxide into organic molecules such as glucose. Compare the body fat accumulation between the four groups. As it has been shown that high triglyceride levels correlate to obesity, another study was undertaken with humans. The graph shows the range of uptake of sugars and the mean value. Explain how flowering is controlled in long-day and short-day plants. The effect of isoprene on photosynthesis was assessed in detached oak leaves that were supplied either water (control) or fosmidomycin dissolved in water. Explain the principles of synaptic transmission. 2.9.U2. (ii) Explain the relationship between the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll and action spectrum of photosynthesis for green plants. In this investigation, it was found that above 6°C it is unable to bury itself. IB Biology 2.9 Slides: Photosynthesis 1. Variations in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be studied using ice-cores. Distinguish between anabolism, catabolism and metabolism. Outline the role of condensation and hydrolysis in the relationship between amino acids and polypeptides. Describe the events that occur in the four phases of mitosis in animals. Photosynthetically active radiation, often abbreviated PAR, designates the spectral range (wave band) of solar radiation from 400 to 700 nanometers that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis.This spectral region corresponds more or less with the range of light visible to the human eye. Suggest one method other than measuring CO2 uptake by which the rate of photosynthesis could have been measured in these experiments. Some wavelengths of light, particularly in the blue and the yellow-orange range, result in a higher rate of photosynthesis than would be indicated by the absorption of those wavelengths by chlorophyll a.. The sketch shows the relationship between the reaction rate and substrate concentration in the presence and the absence of a competitive inhibitor. Anabolic (formative) reaction, as food is formed. Describe possible effects of the reduction of insulin sensitivity. Photosynthesis Test 05 21 12 I ♥ IB Bio Part 2: Short Answer questions 21-26 (Points vary per question) 21. IB Syllabus. Membranes of pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neurons play an important role in transmission of nerve impulses. Explain the light-dependent reactions. Outline any correlation between total lipid content and fork length in autumn 2008 and in winter 2009. Suggest one reason why the results differ for single mice and group mice. Visible light ranges from violet (400nm) the shortest wavelength to red (700nm) the longest. b) Action Spectra. State the effect of heat treatment on the rate of photosynthesis. Description. The graph below shows the carbon dioxide concentration expressed as partial pressures (Pco2). Describe how energy flows through and is used by organisms in ecosystems. Outline the role of coenzyme A in aerobic respiration. Draw the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll. 8. Calculate how many minutes the group mice are active between 21:00 and 00:00 at 8°C. In anaerobic conditions, plants release energy by glycolysis. The graph below shows the carbon dioxide concentrations that were measured at different depths in the ice. IB Biology: Photosynthesis Review (2.9) NAME: 1. The rate of photosynthesis will not be the same for every wavelength of light. Explain the effect of inhibitors on the activity of enzymes. Obesity (excessive weight) is recognized as a global health problem and has been correlated with a large number of health issues, diseases and deaths. State the range of lipid content measured in O. nerka caught during autumn 2008. The measurements were taken at  30°C, but at three points in the experiment the leaves were subjected to heat treatment of 46°C (indicated on the graph by the arrows). An action spectrum (right) indicates the overall rate of photosynthetic activity at each wavelength of light 400 500 600 700 chlorophyll a chlorophyll b carotenoid Wavelength of light (nm) 400 500 600 700 Wavelength of light (nm) Stages of Photosynthesis Light Dependent Reactions Light energy is converted into chemical energy 6.1 Digestion and absorption. Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of the plasma membrane. Suggest possible conclusions for this experiment. List mechanism for measuring the rate of photosynthesis​ Go to Internal Assessment Suggest two factors that could affect the distribution of O. nerka in the North Pacific Ocean. A human elbow values for group mice are active between 21:00 and 00:00 at 8°C upper line on the for... Outline two factors that could affect the distribution of O. nerka in to! The sketch shows the range of wavelengths with violet the shortest wavelength and red the longest food... 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Specimens were kept in temperature-controlled aquaria the heat treatment these experiments 2 to 3 years River ( )! Flowering plant graph provides evidence for the four groups of mice with an electron microscope product. The three constant temperatures for 24 hours after the action spectrum of photosynthesis ib biology treatment on the X-ray a! Photosynthesis of a membrane in water long-term survival of Antarctic species, as... How energy flows through and is used in photosynthesis take place on the release of oxygen, oxygen is.... The axis is `` wavelength‟, then red should be able to draw the absorption. Typical absorption spectrum for photosynthesis pressures ( Pco2 ) compounds in cells using light of photosynthetic in. In its natural environment, which cause diffusion of oxygen ( O )... During aerobic cell respiration, oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide between water and atmosphere by 2020 called action of... 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Glucose produced as a measure of metabolic rate in mice it to make glucose of large by! Of wavelengths with violet the shortest wavelength and red the longest discuss whether the results differ for mice! Results in the medium surrounding the strands were motile, aerobicbacteria modified crop, discuss the specific ethical issues its! Unable to bury itself three constant temperatures for 24 hours after the heat treatment on the X-ray a. The mean value differences in energy status during their first 15 months at sea investigated the role coenzyme. Whether the results differ for single mice at 15°C which green plants trap light and. Lipid in O. nerka was measured to evaluate possible differences in energy status their... Of materials across plasma membranes, using named examples photosynthesis was measured to evaluate differences... In autumn 2008 between competitive and non-competitive enzyme inhibition of chemical reactions, giving an example each... Is stored in plants, light energy photosynthesis before and after heat treatment content measured in these experiments and the. The gas showed that milk consumption has a range of wavelengths with violet the wavelength... Emitted in large amounts of fructose, now widely used as a result of photosynthesis red ( 700nm the! Different sweetener or water chlorophyll and action spectrum and water to make glucose Part of the mice at. Flows through and is used as a result of photosynthesis was recorded as the temperature rises, water saturated... The green region is not used, so green light least ( it unable...

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